Which property does a buffer solution provide in a chemical system?

A buffer solution is designed to resist changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added to it. This property is crucial in many biological and chemical systems because even slight fluctuations in pH can significantly affect the functioning of enzymes, biochemical pathways, and the solubility of substances. Buffer solutions typically consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Therefore, the ability to minimize changes in pH in response to external additions is what defines a buffer solution, making this choice correct.

Considering the other options: Increasing pH would imply that the solution is becoming more basic, which is not the purpose of a buffer. Similarly, eliminating all acids is not feasible, as buffers only accommodate small amounts rather than completely remove acids. Enhancing solubility does not accurately describe the primary function of a buffer since its main role is to stabilize pH, not to affect the solubility of substances.