Which type of bond involves a strong electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions?

The type of bond that involves a strong electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions is the ionic bond. This occurs when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in the formation of ions. The atom that loses an electron becomes a positively charged ion (cation), while the atom that gains an electron becomes a negatively charged ion (anion). The attraction between these oppositely charged ions creates a strong ionic bond, which is characteristic of ionic compounds.

In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms rather than the transfer of electrons. Hydrogen bonds are typically weaker interactions that occur between molecules, primarily involving hydrogen atoms bound to electronegative atoms, and metallic bonds consist of a sea of delocalized electrons around positively charged metal ions. Therefore, the unique property of ionic bonds is their formation due to the direct attraction between charged ions, making this the correct answer.